Ib lub koob yees duab niaj hnub no, uas muaj qhov ua tau ntawm phau ntawv tua neeg, muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Raug Sib piv yog qhov piv ntawm shutter ceev mus rau lub lens aperture uas yuav ua tiav qhov kev xav tau zoo los yog ua kom pom kev ua yeeb yam. Tib lub tswvyim tseem suav nrog kev teeb tsa qhov xav xav ntawm cov zaj duab xis lossis matrix (ISO).
Kev tswj cov khoom tau yog qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub koob yees duab loj. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsis siv neeg lub tshuab hauv cov koob yees duab niaj hnub no, kev muaj peev xwm hloov kho qhov tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ob leeg kev yees duab thiab kev tshaj lij kev txawj yees duab. Lub koob yees duab tsis siv neeg nyob rau qee kis tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm kev tua thiab ua kom qhov kev sib kis txhob txwm. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yuav tua cov ntawv ci tawm tsam tiv thaiv tsaus ntuj tom qab thaum tsaus ntuj. Cov kev sib kis tau xaiv los ntawm lub koob yees duab yuav yog xws li qhov khoom tawg tau pom tawm tsam tsaus tom qab. Yog hais tias cov ntawv nws tus kheej tau muab tso cia ua yeeb yaj kiab, cov keeb kwm yav dhau los yuav zoo li ntawv dub.
Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog kev ua yeeb yam yees duab, tom qab ntawd lub tshuab thev naus laus zis tsuas yog tsis muaj zog. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus kws yees duab txiav txim siab thaij duab zoo nkauj nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv ntsej muag, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum teeb tsa qhov loj tshaj ntawm qhov aperture thiab xaiv qhov ntsuas qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau tshem tawm lub teeb ntawm tus ncej. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsim bokeh zoo nkauj nrog lub qhov tob tob hauv daim teb tom qab.
Yog tias tus kws yees duab npaj kom ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb thiab ncav cuag tus kws tshaj lij kom tau nyiaj hauv kev yees duab, ces koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo to taub lub tswv yim ntawm kis. Qhov no yog lub tswvyim tseem ceeb hauv txhua qhov kev yees duab. Cov kws yees duab rhiab heev rau lub tswvyim ntawm kev sib kis thiab feem ntau sib cav txog qhov no, ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ib leeg.
Peb whales ntawm kev nthuav
Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev nkag siab, Qhov no yog daim duab peb sab tsis tu ncua. Kev nkag siab, cov ntsiab lus tau cim ntawm lub vias ntawm daim duab peb sab: aperture, matrix (zaj duab xis) rhiab thiab shutter ceev (shutter ceev). Yog tias koj hloov txoj haujlwm ntawm tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov nuj nqis no, tom qab ntawv ntawm daim duab peb sab yuav hloov mus rau ib sab, thiab daim duab peb sab yuav tsum ua kom sib npaug. Qhov piv txwv no qhia tau hais tias hloov ib qho ntawm cov tsis txhaum ua txhaum tag nrho cov duab raug thiab tuaj yeem ua kom tag nrho cov nyiaj tshuav hauv daim duab. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm aperture, shutter ceev thiab rhiab yeej ib txwm mus ua ke thiab xav tau kev sib koom ua ke. Cov no yog peb tus whales, yam uas tsis muaj ib yam duab ua dab tsi tsis muaj nuj nqis.
Txhawm rau kho qhov raug, nws tsim nyog teev tag nrho peb ntawm cov ntsuas no kom raug.
Dab Tsi Yog Dab Tsi
Aperture yog qhov loj ntawm lub aperture uas yog siv thaum tua nrog lub lens. Feem ntau cov lo ntsiab muag niaj hnub no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov aperture. Qhov loj ntawm lub qhov no tau kho siv cov nplaim paj uas quav rau hauv thiab tawm raws li tus kws yees duab nyiam. Ntawm cov lo ntsiab muag loj, lub aperture loj thiab txav tau pom ncaj qha los ntawm lub lens pem hauv ntej.
koob yees duab.
Diaphragm. Qhov ntau dua tus lej tom qab tsab ntawv f, tus me lub qhov loj tau teeb tsa. Qhov aperture ntawm f1.4 yog lub qhov loj me thiab f22 yog qhov aperture me.
Qhov aperture loj loj tso cai rau qhov tob tob ntawm daim teb thiab bokeh. Tsuas yog cov chaw uas lub lens tau tsom rau yuav pom tseeb hauv cov duab ua tiav, thiab lwm yam khoom (ua ntej thiab tom qab qhov chaw tsom) yuav qhov muag plooj. Cov txheej txheem no tau thov thaum tua duab teeb duab thiab hauv kev tua. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub teeb nrig tua ntawm lub aperture loj yog hauv qab no.
Qhov ntsuas qhov aperture me me, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua rau txhua yam khoom hauv tus ncej ntse. Lub zeem muag no ua haujlwm zoo rau panoramas thiab thaj chaw.
lub qhov loj aperture loj feem ntau tso cai rau koj siv lub ntsuas nrawm nrawm, uas tshem qhov blurring ntawm tus ncej. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov phom sij ntawm no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov muag plooj ntawm tus ncej. Nrog kev tua neeg, qee zaum tus qauv lub tshuab ntswg yog qhov ntse, thiab lub qhov muag twb plooj lawm.
Dab tsi yog qhov ceev (shutter ceev)
Shutter ceev yog lub sijhawm uas lub chaw kaw tau qhib. Lub sijhawm kaw lub sijhawm ntev dua, lub ci ntsa iab ntawm daim duab yog, txij li qhov nyiaj ntawm lub teeb ci yog sib npaug rau lub sijhawm kaw. Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob qeeb qeeb, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm flare yog feem ntau pom, i.e. cov tsos ntawm thaj chaw dawb hauv daim duab lossis overexposure. Ib qho piv txwv yog pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Qhov kev tsis zoo no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws.
Qhov tseeb xaiv ntawm lub ntsuas nrawm tso cai rau koj kom tau txais qhov kev pom zoo ntawm daim duab. Lub sijhawm kaw lub sijhawm ntev dua, nws yuav tsum tau txais ib tus pas plooj tawg, thiab lwm yam. co. Yog li ntawd,. Lawv tua cov toj roob hauv pes thiab kev sau ntawv zoo li qub nyob hauv txoj kev no. Cov kev tawm mus ua yog tua ntawm lub ntsuas qis qis.
Tawm raug qhia los ntawm tus naj npawb los yog kev sib piv. Cov lej ntau dua, qhov ntev dua ntawm kev kaw. Piv txwv li, kev ntsuas hluav taws xob nrawm ntawm 1/1000 yog 1/1000 ntawm lub thib ob, thiab ntsuas qhov nrawm ntawm 16 yog 16 ntu hauv.
… Nws yuav zoo li yog tias tus ncej hloov tawm mus rau qhov tsaus ntuj, tom qab ntawd koj tsuas tuaj yeem nce qhov shutter ceev. Tab sis qhov kev xaiv no tsis tas ua haujlwm. Qhov tseeb, hauv qhov no, txhua yam. Ua tib zoo mloog rau qhov piv txwv hauv qab no, qhov twg yuav muaj lub zog txav txav zog. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, lawv saib rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov aperture, uas yuav khaws qhov xav tau ntawm qhov tob ntawm thaj chaw, thiab cov kab nrawm. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov cwj pwm tsis yooj yim no yog ncaws pob hauv chav ncaws pob uas muaj lub teeb ci.
Yog dab tsi rhiab (ISO)
Muaj lwm qhov kev xyaum tseem ceeb los ua kom tus tswv. Nws hais txog kev tswj hwm
Qhov no yog tus ntses thib peb nyob hauv lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua yeeb yam duab. Yog tsis muaj nws cov qauv thiab kev nkag siab, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsis tiav.
Feem ntau cov koob yees duab digital muaj qhov teeb tsa kho tau ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis. Piv txwv li, ISO 100 rau 6400. Qhov txiav txim no txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov sib npaug los sau npe lub teeb.
Thaum tua hmo ntuj nrog lub zog ntawm 6400, koj tuaj yeem siv tib lub shutter ceev thiab aperture raws li siv thaum nruab hnub. Raws li, cov duab yuav tsis raug plooj. Nws yuav zoo li tias lo lus nug tshwm sim vim li cas thiaj li sib tham ntawm kev kaw nrawm nrawm, aperture thiab tua nrog tripod feem ntau xav tau. Tab sis. Qhov ntau dua ntawm ISO yog, qhov ntau dua ntawm daim duab yog thiab qhov thiaj li hu nrov nrov digital.
Yog li no, cov kws thaij duab sim siv qhov ntsuas nruab nrab ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm nrawm nrawm, kom pom tseeb dua thiab tsis hnov mob, vim tias khoom seem ntawm no zaws yog tsis tshua muaj teeb meem thiab lwj cov duab piav txog.
Yog raug
Txhawm rau tsim kev raug rau qhov raug, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus lej peb ntu ntawm ib zaug - lub ntsuas hluav taws xob nrawm, aperture thiab lub teeb rhiab. Xws li cov duab yog tus kheej rau txhua tus ncej. Cov tub yees duab xav tau xav tau txog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov tshwm sim hauv kev yees duab.
Nws yog qhov ua tau los xaiv qhov kis rau txhua tus ncej tsuas yog sim. Nrog kev paub, tus kws yees duab paub los txiav txim siab pom qhov zoo ntawm kev tua hom xyaum los ntawm qhov muag.
Zoo yees duab tsis yooj yim sua yam tsis muaj lub hauv paus ntawm kev nkag siab. Los piv tau yooj yim, txhua lub koob yees duab digital niaj hnub no muaj lub ntsuas pa tsim. Los ntawm teeb tsa cov ntsuas ntsuas pom zoo los ntawm lawv, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav hom uas haum dua.
